A cikin sabon rahoto, Buƙatar Copper Automotive 2024-2034: Trends, Utilisation, Forecasts, IDTechEx hasashen cewa buƙatun jan ƙarfe na mota zai kai buƙatun shekara-shekara na 5MT (1MT = 203.4 biliyan kg) ta 2034. Tuki mai sarrafa kansa da lantarki zai fitar da buƙatun yau, amma bangaren da zai mamaye bukatar zai ci gaba da kasancewakayan aikin waya.
Wurin Copper a cikin abin hawan lantarki tare da na'urori masu sarrafa kansa. Source: IDTechEx
Motoci megatrends za su fitar da bukatar jan karfe a CAGR na 4.8% zuwa 2034, amma igiyoyin waya za su kasance masu rinjaye.
Wutar lantarkisu ne tsarin juyayi na tsakiya na abin hawa, haɗa dukkan na'urori masu auna firikwensin, masu kunna wuta, fitilu, da sauransu zuwa kwakwalwar abin hawa. Kowane bangare a cikin tsarin yana buƙatar wayoyi masu yawa don sadarwa da iko. Motocin na yau suna da sarkakiya, suna dauke da daruruwan abubuwa masu waya, ta yadda na’urorin waya suka fadada zuwa dubunnan wayoyi guda daya da tsawon tsawon kilo mita.
Wasu 'yan wasa, kamarTesla, na aiki don inganta hanyar sadarwar abin hawa ta hanyar rage yawan aiki, kilomita na igiyoyi, da kilogiram na nauyin kowace abin hawa.Ana iya taimakawa wannan ta canje-canjen tsarin gine-gine.
Masu ba da kayayyaki na Tier 2 kamar NXP suna hango tsarin gine-ginen yanki mai tasowa inda aka haɗa abubuwan haɗin waya ta wuri maimakon aiki. Wannan yana taimakawa wajen kawar da sakewa a cikin kayan aikin wayoyi, amma IDTechEx ya ji daga mahalarta masana'antu cewa cin cikakken amfani da gine-ginen yanki yana buƙatar ƙarin tunani-farko da tunani fiye da tunanin bayan yin waya.
Kamfanonin na'urorin wayar salula sun yi ta gwaji tare da sauya wasu daga cikin wayoyi na tagulla, kamar maye gurbinsu da wayoyi na aluminium, da kananan na'urori masu karfin 48V, har ma da hanyoyin sadarwa mara waya, don sunaye kadan, duk don rage tagulla a cikin na'urorin wayar.An daidaita waɗannan ragi ta haɓakar abubuwan ababen hawa da haɓakar girman abin hawa gaba ɗaya yayin da manyan SUVs suka zama sananne.
Amma me yasa bukatar jan karfe ke karuwa maimakon? Electrification zai zama babban dalilin karuwar buƙatun jan ƙarfe na motoci. Ana amfani da tagulla a ko'ina cikin wutar lantarkin abin hawa, daga foils a cikin kowane tantanin halitta na baturi zuwa iska na injin lantarki. A dunkule,kowace motar lantarki na iya samar da fiye da 30kg na ƙarin buƙatun tagulla.
Kamar yadda yake tare da kayan aikin waya, buƙatar jan ƙarfe a cikin abubuwan lantarki shima zai canza. Na gaba lithium-ion sunadarai da fasaha za su yi tasiri a kan ƙarfin jan karfe na batura, tare da mafi girma makamashi baturi yawanci mayar da ƙananan kg/kWh ƙarfin jan karfe. A cikin injina, IDTechEx kwanan nan ya daidaita sha'awar sa ga injunan maganadisu na dindindin waɗanda ba na maganadisu ba saboda canjin farashin neodymium. Winding rotor synchronous Motors misali ne na inda m maganadiso yadda ya kamata maye gurbinsu da jan karfe electromagnets, kusan ninki biyu da jan karfe idan aka kwatanta da na al'ada m maganadiso Motors.
Babban tsarin taimakon tuƙi (ADAS) da tuƙi mai cin gashin kansa yana ƙara zama mai salo kuma zai haifar da ƙarin buƙatun jan ƙarfe na mota. Waɗannan tsarin sun dogara da rukunin na'urori masu auna firikwensin, gami da kyamarori, radar, da lidar. Kowane ɗayan waɗannan yana ƙara ƙarin wayoyi zuwa abin hawa kuma yana amfani da tagulla a cikin allon kewayawa na ciki. Yayin da jan ƙarfe a kowace firikwensin yana da ɗan ƙarami, yawanci ya fi gram ɗari kaɗan, jimlar adadin tagulla ya kai kilogiram da yawa don motoci masu sarrafa kansu da yawa masu na'urori masu auna firikwensin.
Misali, motocin Waymo suna da jimlar firikwensin 40 wanda ba sabon abu ba ne ga sauran kamfanonin taksi na robot.IDTechEx ya ce yayin da waɗannan motocin masu sarrafa kansu za su sami ɗan ƙaramin yanki na tallace-tallace na mota nan da 2034, yaɗuwar karɓar fasahar Level 3 a kan shekaru goma masu zuwa za su zama babban direba na amfani da jan karfe na ADAS da fasalin tuƙi.
Hasashen Ragi na Copper zai Bace.Bloomberg ya ruwaito cewararar jan karfe da aka yi hasashe a shekarar 2024 ya bace sosai kuma yana iya jefa kasuwa cikin gaira.
A cikin makonni biyun da suka gabata, an ba da umarnin rufe daya daga cikin manyan ma'adinan tagulla a duniya, sakamakon zazzafar zanga-zangar da jama'a ke yi, yayin da wasu jerin koma-baya da ake fuskanta a fannin aiki ya tilasta wa wani babban kamfanin hakar ma'adinan rage kiyasin da ya yi.
Manazarta sun ce ba zato ba tsammani na kusan tan miliyan 6 na kayayyakin da ake sa ran za su iya kawar da kasuwar daga babban rarar da ake sa ran zuwa ma'auni, ko ma gaci. Har ila yau, babban gargadi ne ga nan gaba: Copper wani ƙarfe ne mai tushe da ake buƙata don lalata tattalin arzikin duniya, ma'ana kamfanonin hakar ma'adinai za su taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen sauƙaƙa canjin makamashi zuwa kore.
Gwamnatin Panama ta umarci First Quantum Minerals da ta dakatar da duk wani aiki a ma'adanin tagulla na dala biliyan 1 a kasar. Anglo-Amurka za ta rage samar da tagulla daga ayyukan tagulla a Kudancin Amurka.
Lokacin aikawa: Janairu-09-2024