Hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryisoko ryimodoka yamashanyarazi, abayikoresha barasaba byinshi murwego rwo hejuru, umuvuduko wo kwishyuza, kuborohereza kwishyurwa, nibindi bintu. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, haracyari ibitagenda neza hamwe n’ibibazo bidahuye mu bikorwa remezo byo kwishyuza mu gihugu ndetse no hanze yacyo, bigatuma abakoresha bahura n’ibibazo nko kutabasha kubona sitasiyo ikwiye, igihe kirekire cyo gutegereza, ningaruka mbi zo kwishyuza mugihe cy'urugendo.
Huawei Digital Energy yanditse ku rubuga rwa twitter ati: "Amashanyarazi yuzuye ya Huawei yuzuye akonjesha afasha gukora ubutumburuke bwo hejuru kandi bwihuta cyane bwo mu rwego rwo hejuru 318 Sichuan-Tibet Supercharging Corridor." Ikiganiro kivuga ko ayo mashanyarazi yuzuye akonje yuzuye afite ibintu bikurikira:
1. Imbaraga nini zisohoka ni 600KW naho amashanyarazi ntarengwa ni 600A. Azwi nka "kilometero imwe ku isegonda" kandi irashobora gutanga imbaraga ntarengwa zo kwishyuza ahantu hirengeye.
2.Ikoranabuhanga ryuzuye ryo gukonjesha ryemeza ko ibikoresho byizewe cyane: mubibaya, birashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi, ubushuhe bwinshi, umukungugu, hamwe na ruswa, kandi birashobora guhuza nuburyo butandukanye bwo gukora.
3. Birakwiriye kuri moderi zose: Urwego rwo kwishyuza ni 200-1000V, kandi igipimo cyo gutsinda gishobora kugera kuri 99%. Irashobora guhuza imodoka zitwara abagenzi nka Tesla, Xpeng, na Lili, hamwe n’imodoka z’ubucuruzi nka Lalamove, kandi irashobora kubigeraho: "Genda hejuru yimodoka, uyishyure, uyishyure, hanyuma ugende."
Ikoranabuhanga rya supercharge ya tekinoroji ntiritanga gusa serivisi nziza nuburambe kubakoresha ibinyabiziga bishya byimbere mu gihugu ahubwo bizafasha kurushaho kwagura no guteza imbere isoko ryimodoka nshya. Iyi ngingo izagufasha gusobanukirwa tekinoroji yo gukonjesha ikonje no gusesengura uko isoko ryifashe ndetse nigihe kizaza.
Amashanyarazi arenze urugero ni iki?
Amazi yo gukonjesha yamazi agerwaho mugukora umuyoboro udasanzwe wogukwirakwiza hagati ya kabili nimbunda ishiramo. Uyu muyoboro wuzuyemo amazi akonje kugirango akureho ubushyuhe. Pompe yamashanyarazi iteza ikwirakwizwa ryamazi akonje, ashobora gukwirakwiza neza ubushyuhe butangwa mugihe cyo kwishyuza. Igice cyingufu za sisitemu ikoresha gukonjesha amazi kandi itandukanijwe rwose n’ibidukikije, bityo rero ikaba yujuje ubuziranenge bwa IP65. Muri icyo gihe, sisitemu ikoresha kandi umuyaga ukomeye kugirango ugabanye urusaku rwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe no guteza imbere ibidukikije.
Ibiranga tekinike nibyiza byo gukonjesha birenze urugero.
1. Umuvuduko mwinshi kandi wihuta wo kwishyuza.
Amashanyarazi ya batiri yumuriro asohoka kugarukira ku nsinga zimbunda zishakisha, ubusanzwe ikoresha insinga z'umuringa mu gutwara amashanyarazi. Nyamara, ubushyuhe butangwa numuyoboro buringaniye na kwadiri yumuriro, bivuze ko uko amashanyarazi yiyongera, umugozi ushobora kubyara ubushyuhe burenze. Kugirango ugabanye ikibazo cyubushyuhe bwa kabili, agace kambukiranya insinga kagomba kongerwa, ariko ibi bizanatuma imbunda yumuriro iremerera. Kurugero, imbunda yigihugu ya 250A isanzwe isanzwe ikoresha insinga ya 80mm², ituma imbunda yo kwishyuza iremereye muri rusange kandi ntibyoroshye kunama.
Niba ukeneye kugera kumurongo mwinshi wo kwishyuza, ibyuma bibiri byimbunda nigisubizo gifatika, ariko ibi birakwiriye kubibazo byihariye. Igisubizo cyiza cyo kwishyuza cyane-mubisanzwe ni tekinoroji ikonje ikonje. Iri koranabuhanga rikonjesha neza imbere yimbunda yumuriro, ryemerera gukora imigezi ihanitse idashyushye.
Imiterere yimbere yimbunda ikonjesha ikonje irimo insinga nuyoboro wamazi. Ubusanzwe, agace kambukiranya kabili ya 500A ikonjesha amashanyarazi akonje ni 35mm² gusa, kandi ubushyuhe bwabyaye bukwirakwizwa neza nu mashanyarazi akonje mu muyoboro w’amazi. Kubera ko umugozi woroheje, pistolet yo gukonjesha ikonje iroroshye 30-40% kurenza pistolet isanzwe.
Byongeye kandi, imbunda yo gukonjesha ikonje ikonje nayo igomba gukoreshwa hamwe nogukonjesha, irimo ibigega byamazi, pompe zamazi, imirasire, abafana, nibindi bice. Pompe yamazi ishinzwe kuzenguruka ibicurane imbere yumurongo wa nozzle, kohereza ubushyuhe kuri radiatori, hanyuma ikabisohora hamwe numufana, bityo bigatanga ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibintu byinshi kuruta izisanzwe zisanzwe zikonje.
2. Umugozi wimbunda uroroshye kandi ibikoresho byo kwishyuza biroroshye.
3. Ubushyuhe buke, ubushyuhe bwihuse, n'umutekano mwinshi.
Ububiko busanzwe bwo gupakira hamwe na kimwe cya kabiri cyamazi akonjesha imizigo isanzwe ikoresha uburyo bwo kwanga ubushyuhe bukonjesha ikirere aho umwuka winjira mumubiri utetse kuruhande rumwe, ugakuraho ubushyuhe butangwa nibice byamashanyarazi hamwe na moderi ikosora, hanyuma bigasohoka mumubiri. funga umubiri kurundi ruhande. Nyamara, ubu buryo bwo kuvanaho ubushyuhe bufite ibibazo bimwe na bimwe kubera ko umwuka winjira mu kirundo ushobora kuba urimo umukungugu, umuti w’umunyu, hamwe n’umwuka w’amazi, kandi ibyo bintu bishobora kwizirika hejuru y’ibice byimbere, bigatuma kugabanuka kwimikorere yikirundo. sisitemu no kugabanya ubushyuhe bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe, bigabanya uburyo bwo kwishyuza kandi bigabanya ubuzima bwibikoresho.
Kumashanyarazi asanzwe hamwe na kimwe cya kabiri cyamazi akonjesha, gukuramo ubushyuhe no kurinda ni ibintu bibiri bivuguruzanya. Niba imikorere yo gukingira ari ngombwa, imikorere yubushyuhe irashobora kuba mike, naho ubundi. Ibi bigora igishushanyo mbonera cyibirundo kandi bisaba gutekereza cyane ku gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe mugihe urinze ibikoresho.
Byose-bisukuye-bikonje boot boot ikoresha amazi-akonje ya boot module. Iyi module ntigira umuyaga imbere cyangwa inyuma. Module ikoresha ibicurane bizenguruka mu isahani yimbere yo gukonjesha kugirango ihindure ubushyuhe nibidukikije byo hanze, bituma igice cyingufu za boot kigera kubishushanyo mbonera. Imirasire ishyirwa hanze yikirundo hamwe na coolant imbere yohereza ubushyuhe kuri radiatori hanyuma umwuka wo hanze ugatwara ubushyuhe hejuru yumuriro.
Muri iki gishushanyo, module ikonjesha ikonjesha hamwe nibikoresho byamashanyarazi imbere yumuriro wamashanyarazi bitandukanijwe rwose nibidukikije, bigera kurwego rwo kurinda IP65 no kongera sisitemu yo kwizerwa.
4. Urusaku ruke rwo kwishyuza no kurinda hejuru.
Sisitemu zombi zisanzwe hamwe namazi akonje yashizwemo muburyo bwo gukonjesha ikirere. Module ifite ibikoresho byinshi byihuta byumufana muto mubisanzwe bitanga urusaku hejuru ya décibel 65 mugihe cyo gukora. Byongeye kandi, ikirundo cyo kwishyiriraho ubwacyo gifite ibyuma bikonjesha. Kugeza ubu, charger zikonjesha ikirere akenshi zirenga decibel 70 iyo zikoresha imbaraga zose. Ibi ntibishobora kugaragara kumanywa, ariko nijoro birashobora guteza ibibazo byinshi kubidukikije.
Kubwibyo, urusaku rwinshi ruva kuri sitasiyo yishyuza nicyo kirego gikunze kugaragara kubakoresha. Kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke, abashoramari bakeneye gufata ingamba zo gukosora, ariko akenshi usanga bihenze kandi bifite imikorere mike. Kurangiza, imikorere idafite imbaraga irashobora kuba inzira yonyine yo kugabanya urusaku.
Byose-byamazi-akonje boot boot ifata imiterere-yikwirakwiza kabiri yubushyuhe. Imbere yo gukonjesha amazi yimbere ikwirakwiza ibicishije mumazi ya pompe kugirango igabanye ubushyuhe no kohereza ubushyuhe bwakorewe muri module kuri heatsink. Sisitemu nini cyangwa sisitemu yo guhumeka ifite umuvuduko muke ariko ubwinshi bwumwuka ukoreshwa hanze ya radiator kugirango bigabanye ubushyuhe neza. Ubu bwoko bwumuvuduko muke wumuvuduko ufite urusaku ruke ugereranije kandi ntirwangiza kurusha urusaku rwumuvuduko muto wihuta.
Byongeye kandi, supercharger yuzuye ikonje yuzuye irashobora kandi kuba ifite igishushanyo mbonera cyo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe, bisa nihame ryo gutandukanya ibyuma bikonjesha. Igishushanyo kirinda igice gikonjesha abantu kandi gishobora no guhana ubushyuhe hamwe nibidendezi, amasoko, nibindi kugirango bikonje neza kandi bigabanye urusaku.
5. Igiciro gito cya nyirubwite.
Mugihe usuzumye ikiguzi cyibikoresho byo kwishyuza kuri sitasiyo zishyuza, ikiguzi cyubuzima bwose (TCO) cyumuriro kigomba gusuzumwa. Sisitemu yo kwishyiriraho gakondo ikoresheje uburyo bwo kwishyuza bukonje bwo mu kirere ubusanzwe ifite ubuzima bwumurimo butarenze imyaka 5, mugihe sitasiyo yo kwishyiriraho ikoreshwa mubukode busanzwe ni imyaka 8-10. Ibi bivuze ko ibikoresho byo kwishyuza bigomba gusimburwa byibuze rimwe mubuzima bwikigo. Ibinyuranye, icyuma gikonjesha cyuzuye gikonjesha gishobora kugira ubuzima bwumurimo byibuze imyaka 10, gikubiyemo ubuzima bwose bwuruganda. Ikigeretse kuri ibyo, bitandukanye na boot ya module ikonjesha ikirere, bisaba gufungura kenshi kabine kugirango ikureho umukungugu no kuyitunganya, bloti-yose ikonjesha ikonjesha gusa igomba guhindurwa nyuma yuko umukungugu umaze kwiyegeranya hejuru yubushyuhe bwo hanze, bigatuma kubungabunga bigorana . byiza.
Kubwibyo, igiciro cyose cyo gutunga sisitemu yuzuye yo gukonjesha ikonje iri munsi yubwa sisitemu gakondo yo kwishyuza ikoresheje uburyo bwo kwishyuza ikirere gikonjesha ikirere, kandi hamwe nogukwirakwiza kwinshi muri sisitemu yuzuye ikonjesha, ibyiza byayo bizakorwa neza. biragaragara cyane.
Inenge muburyo bwa tekinoroji yo gukonjesha.
1. Impirimbanyi mbi
Gukonjesha amazi biracyashingira ku ihame ryo guhana ubushyuhe bitewe nubushyuhe butandukanye. Kubwibyo, ikibazo cyubushyuhe butandukanye imbere ya bateri ntishobora kwirindwa. Itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe rishobora kuvamo kwishyuza birenze, kwishyuza, cyangwa kwishyurwa. Gusohora ibice bya module kugiti cye mugihe cyo kwishyuza no gusohora. Kurenza urugero no gusohora bateri birashobora gutera ibibazo byumutekano wa bateri no kugabanya igihe cya bateri. Kwishyuza no gusohora bigabanya ingufu za bateri kandi bigabanya imikorere yayo.
2. Imbaraga zo kohereza ubushyuhe ni nke.
Igipimo cyo kwishyuza cya batiri kigarukira ku kigero cyo kugabanuka k'ubushyuhe, bitabaye ibyo, hari ibyago byo gushyuha. Imbaraga zo kohereza ubushyuhe bwa plaque ikonje ikonje igarukira kubutandukaniro bwubushyuhe nigipimo cy umuvuduko, kandi itandukaniro ryubushyuhe bugenzurwa rifitanye isano rya hafi nubushyuhe bwibidukikije.
3. Hariho ibyago byinshi byo guhunga ubushyuhe.
Amashanyarazi ya bateri abaho iyo bateri itanga ubushyuhe bwinshi mugihe gito. Bitewe n'umuvuduko muke w'ubushyuhe bworoshye bwo kugabanuka bitewe n'ubushyuhe butandukanye, kwirundanya kwinshi bituma gukura gutunguranye. ubushyuhe, bivamo uruziga rwiza hagati ya bateri ishyuha nubushyuhe bwiyongera, bigatera guturika numuriro, kimwe no guhunga ubushyuhe muri selile zituranye.
4. Gukoresha ingufu za parasitike nini.
Kurwanya gukonjesha kwamazi ni muremure, cyane cyane urebye imipaka yubunini bwa bateri. Umuyoboro ukonje usanzwe ni muto. Iyo ihererekanyabubasha ari rinini, umuvuduko wo gutemba uzaba munini, kandi gutakaza umuvuduko mukuzunguruka bizaba binini. , kandi gukoresha ingufu bizaba binini, bizagabanya imikorere ya bateri mugihe kirenze.
Imiterere yisoko niterambere ryiterambere ryuzuza amazi.
Imiterere yisoko
Dukurikije amakuru aheruka gutangwa n’ubushinwa bwishyuza Ubushinwa, muri Gashyantare 2023 hari sitasiyo zishyuza abantu 31.000 muri Mutarama 2023 ugereranije na Mutarama 2023, ziyongereyeho 54.1% guhera muri Gashyantare. Kugeza muri Gashyantare 2023, amashyirahamwe y’abanyamuryango b’ubumwe yatangaje ko miliyoni 1.869 zose zishyuza abantu, harimo 796.000 za DC zishyuza na miliyoni 1.072 zishyuza AC.
Mugihe umuvuduko winjira mumodoka nshya yingufu zikomeje kwiyongera no gushyigikira ibikoresho nko gupakira ibirundo bitera imbere byihuse, tekinolojiya mishya ikonjesha ikonjesha ibaye ikibazo mumarushanwa muruganda. Ibigo byinshi bishya byimodoka ninganda zitwara indege nabyo byatangiye gukora ubushakashatsi niterambere ryikoranabuhanga kandi birateganya kuzamura ibiciro.
Tesla nisosiyete yambere yimodoka munganda zatangiye kwakirwa kwinshi kwamashanyarazi akonje cyane. Kugeza ubu yohereje sitasiyo zirenga 1.500 mu Bushinwa, hamwe n’amashanyarazi arenga 10,000. Supercharger ya Tesla V3 igaragaramo igishushanyo-cyose gikonjesha, module yo gukonjesha ikonje, nimbunda ikonjesha. Pistolet imwe irashobora kwishyuza 250 kWt / 600 A, ikongerera intera ibirometero 250 muminota 15. Moderi ya V4 izakorerwa mubice. Kwishyiriraho kandi byongera imbaraga zo kwishyuza kuri kilowati 350 kuri buri mbunda.
Nyuma yaho, Porsche Taycan yazanye amashanyarazi ya mbere ya V V ku isi ya mbere ya V V kandi ashyigikira amashanyarazi yihuta ya kilowati 350; Isohora ku isi yose Great Wall Salon Mecha Dragon 2022 ifite amashanyarazi agera kuri 600 A, voltage igera kuri 800 V nimbaraga zo kwishyuza hejuru ya 480 kWt; amashanyarazi ya pex agera kuri 1000 V, amashanyarazi agera kuri 600 A hamwe nimbaraga zo kwishyuza 480 kWt; Xiaopeng G9 ni imodoka ikora na batiri ya silicon 800V; karbide voltage platform kandi irakwiriye kwishyurwa 480 kW ultra-yihuta.
Kugeza ubu, amasosiyete akomeye akora ibicuruzwa byinjira mu masoko yinjira mu isoko ry’amazi akonje cyane mu gihugu harimo cyane cyane Inkerui, Ikoranabuhanga rya Infineon, ABB, Ikoranabuhanga rya Ruisu Intelligent, Inkomoko y’amashanyarazi, Inyenyeri zishyuza, Te Laidian, n'ibindi.
Icyerekezo kizaza cyo kwishyuza amazi akonje
Umwanya wo gukonjesha amazi arenze urugero ukiri muto kandi ufite amahirwe menshi kandi afite iterambere ryagutse. Gukonjesha amazi ni igisubizo cyiza cyo kwishyuza ingufu nyinshi. Ntakibazo cya tekiniki mubishushanyo mbonera no kubyaza umusaruro ingufu za batiri zikoresha amashanyarazi murugo no hanze. Birakenewe gukemura ikibazo cyumurongo wa kabili uhereye kumashanyarazi ya batiri yumuriro mwinshi kugeza imbunda yaka.
Nyamara, igipimo cyo kwinjiza amashanyarazi menshi-akonjesha ikirundo kirenze urugero mu gihugu cyanjye kiracyari gito. Ni ukubera ko pistolet ikonjesha ikonjesha ifite igiciro cyinshi ugereranije, kandi sisitemu yo kwishyuza byihuse izafungura isoko rifite agaciro ka miliyari amagana y’amadolari mu 2025. Nkuko amakuru aboneka ku mugaragaro, igiciro cyo hagati y’ibice bishyuza kingana na 0.4 RMB / W.
Igiciro cy’amashanyarazi yihuta 240kW giteganijwe kuba hafi 96.000 yuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu, gukonjesha. Igiciro cyimbunda ni hafi 21% yikiguzi cyikirundo cyo kwishyuza, kikaba aricyo kintu gihenze nyuma yuburyo bwo kwishyuza. Mugihe umubare wuburyo bushya bwo kwishyiriraho ingufu byihuta, ubuso bwisoko rya bateri zifite ingufu nyinshi zihuta cyane mugihugu cyanjye biteganijwe ko mu 2025 bizaba hafi miliyari 133.4.
Mugihe kizaza, tekinoroji yo gukonjesha ya tekinoroji izarushaho kwihuta kwinjira. Gutezimbere no gushyira mubikorwa imbaraga zikomeye zikonjesha zikonjesha ziracyafite inzira ndende. Ibi bisaba ubufatanye hagati yamasosiyete yimodoka, amasosiyete ya batiri, amasosiyete atwara indege, nandi mashyaka.
Gusa muri ubwo buryo, dushobora kurushaho gushyigikira iterambere ry’inganda zikoresha amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa, kurushaho guteza imbere kwishyurwa neza na V2G, no guteza imbere kuzigama ingufu no kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, uburyo bwa karuboni nkeya. n'iterambere ry'icyatsi, no kwihutisha ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'ingamba za “double carbone”.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-06-2024