Ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwentengiso yezithuthi zombane, abasebenzisi babeka iimfuno eziphezulu ngakumbi kuluhlu, isantya sokutshaja, lula ukutshaja, kunye neminye imiba. Nangona kunjalo, kusekho iziphene kunye nemiba yokungahambelani kwiziseko zokutshaja ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe, okubangela ukuba abasebenzisi basoloko bedibana neengxaki ezinjengokungakwazi ukufumana izikhululo zokutshaja ezifanelekileyo, ixesha elide lokulinda, kunye nesiphumo sokutshaja esibi xa sihamba.
IHuawei Digital Energy ibhale kuTwitter: "I-supercharger epholileyo yeHuawei inceda ekudaleni umphakamo ophakamileyo kunye nokutshaja okukumgangatho ophezulu we-318 Sichuan-Tibet Supercharging Green Corridor." Inqaku liqaphela ukuba ezi ndawo zokutshaja zipholile ngokupheleleyo zinezi mpawu zilandelayo:
1. Amandla aphezulu aphumayo yi-600KW kwaye ubuninzi bangoku yi-600A. Yaziwa njenge "ikhilomitha enye ngesekhondi" kwaye inokubonelela ngamandla okutshaja aphezulu kwiindawo eziphakamileyo.
2. Iteknoloji yokupholisa ulwelo olupheleleyo iqinisekisa ukuthembeka okuphezulu kwezixhobo: kwi-plateau, inokumelana namaqondo okushisa aphezulu, umswakama ophezulu, uthuli kunye nokugqwala, kwaye iyakwazi ukulungelelanisa kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza komgca onzima.
3. Ifanelekile kuzo zonke iimodeli: Uluhlu lokutshaja luyi-200-1000V, kwaye izinga lokuphumelela lokutshaja lingafikelela kwi-99%. Inokutshatisa iimoto zabakhweli ezinje ngoTesla, Xpeng, kunye noLili, kunye nezithuthi zorhwebo ezifana neLalamove, kwaye inokufikelela: "Hamba uye emotweni, uyihlawulise, uyihlawulise kwaye uhambe."
Itekhnoloji yokutshaja i-Liquid-cooled supercharging ayiboneleli kuphela ngeenkonzo ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye namava kubasebenzisi bezithuthi zamandla amatsha asekhaya kodwa iya kunceda ngakumbi ukwandisa nokukhuthaza imakethi entsha yezithuthi zamandla. Eli nqaku liza kukunceda uqonde itekhnoloji yokutshaja okupholisa ulwelo kwaye uhlalutye imeko yayo yentengiso kunye neendlela ezizayo.
Yintoni intlawulo egqithisileyo yokupholisa ulwelo?
Ukutshaja okupholisa ulwelo kufezekiswa ngokudala umjelo okhethekileyo wokujikeleza ulwelo phakathi kwentambo kunye nompu wokutshaja. Eli jelo lizaliswe lulwelo lokupholisa ukususa ubushushu. Impompo yamandla ikhuthaza ukujikeleza kwesipholisi solwelo, esinokususa ngokufanelekileyo ubushushu obuveliswe ngexesha lenkqubo yokutshaja. Inxalenye yamandla yenkqubo isebenzisa ukupholisa ulwelo kwaye ibekwe yodwa ngokupheleleyo kwimekobume yangaphandle, ngoko ke idibana nomgangatho woyilo we-IP65. Kwangaxeshanye, inkqubo isebenzisa fan enamandla ukunciphisa ingxolo yokuchitha ubushushu kunye nokuphucula ubuhlobo bendalo.
Iimpawu zobugcisa kunye nezibonelelo zokupholisa ulwelo olushajiweyo.
1. Isantya esiphezulu sangoku kunye nesantya sokutshaja ngokukhawuleza.
Imveliso yangoku yebhetri etshajayo inqandwa lucingo lokutshaja, olusebenzisa iintambo zobhedu ukuthwala umsinga. Nangona kunjalo, ubushushu obuveliswa ngentambo bulingana nesikwere sangoku, oku kuthetha ukuba njengoko ukutshaja kwangoku kwanda, ikhebula kunokwenzeka ukuba livelise ubushushu obugqithisileyo. Ukunciphisa ingxaki yokushisa kwekhebula, indawo enqamlezayo yocingo kufuneka inyuswe, kodwa oku kuya kwenza ukuba umpu wokutshaja ube nzima. Umzekelo, umgangatho okhoyo wesizwe okhoyo ngoku we-250A wokutshaja umpu usebenzisa i-80mm² intambo, eyenza ukuba umpu otshajayo ube nzima kwaye kungabi lula ukugoba.
Ukuba ufuna ukufezekisa umjelo ophezulu wokutshaja, ishaja yompu ezimbini sisisombululo esisebenzayo, kodwa oku kulungele kuphela iimeko ezikhethekileyo. Esona sisombululo silungileyo sokutshaja okuphezulu ngoku siqhele ukuba bubuchwephesha bompu wokutshaja obumanzi obupholileyo. Le teknoloji ipholisa ngokufanelekileyo ngaphakathi kompu wokutshaja, ivumela ukuba iphathe imisinga ephezulu ngaphandle kokushisa.
Isakhiwo sangaphakathi sompu wokutshaja opholileyo we-liquid uquka iintambo kunye nemibhobho yamanzi. Ngokwesiqhelo, indawo enqamlezileyo yentambo yompu yokutshaja engama-500A epholileyo yi-35mm² kuphela, kwaye ubushushu obuvelisiweyo buchithwa ngokufanelekileyo kukuhamba kokupholisa kumbhobho wamanzi. Ngenxa yokuba intambo inciphile, umpu wokutshaja opholileyo ukhaphukhaphu ngama-30 ukuya kuma-40% kunompu wesiqhelo otshajayo.
Ukongeza, umpu wokutshaja opholiswe ngamanzi kufuneka usetyenziswe kunye neyunithi yokupholisa, ebandakanya iitanki zamanzi, iimpompo zamanzi, iiradiyetha, iifeni kunye nezinye izinto. Impompo yamanzi inoxanduva lokujikelezisa isisipholisi ngaphakathi kumgca womlomo, ukuhambisa ubushushu kwirediyetha, emva koko ibuvuthele ngaphandle ngefeni, ngokwenjenjalo inika umthamo wangoku wokuthwala ngaphezulu kunemilomo yesiqhelo epholiswe ngokwendalo.
2. Intambo yompu ilula kwaye izixhobo zokutshaja zikhaphukhaphu.
3. Ukushisa okuncinci, ukutshatyalaliswa kobushushu okukhawulezayo, kunye nokhuseleko oluphezulu.
Iibhoyila zokulayisha eziqhelekileyo kunye ne-semi-fluid-cooled loading boilers ngokuqhelekileyo zisebenzisa iinkqubo zokulahla ukushisa okupholileyo emoyeni apho umoya ungena kumzimba webhoyila ukusuka kwelinye icala, ususa ubushushu obuveliswa ngamacandelo ombane kunye neemodyuli zokulungisa, kwaye emva koko uphuma kumzimba webhoyila. Songa umzimba kwelinye icala. Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela yokususa ubushushu ineengxaki ezithile ngenxa yokuba umoya ongena kwimfumba usenokuba nothuli, isitshizi setyuwa, kunye nomphunga wamanzi, kwaye ezi zinto zinokubambelela kumphezulu wamalungu angaphakathi, okukhokelela ekunciphiseni ukusebenza kwemfumba. iinkqubo kunye nokunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokuchithwa kobushushu, okunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokutshaja kunye nokunciphisa ubomi bezixhobo.
Kwiibhoyili zokutshaja eziqhelekileyo kunye ne-semi-fluid-cooled loading boilers, ukususwa kobushushu kunye nokukhuselwa ziingcamango ezimbini eziphikisanayo. Ukuba ukusebenza kokukhusela kubalulekile, ukusebenza kwe-thermal kunokunciphisa, kwaye ngokuphambene noko. Oku kudibanisa ukuyila kweemfumba ezinjalo kwaye kufuna ukuqwalaselwa ngokupheleleyo kokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu ngelixa ukhusela izixhobo.
Ibhloko yokuqalisa i-liquid-colisel yonke isebenzisa imodyuli yokuqalisa ulwelo. Le modyuli ayinayo imibhobho yomoya ngaphambili okanye ngasemva. Imodyuli isebenzisa isisipholisi esijikelezayo kwipleyiti yokupholisa yolwelo yangaphakathi ukutshintshiselana ngobushushu kunye nokusingqongileyo kwangaphandle, ivumela icandelo lamandla eyunithi yokuqalisa ukuphumeza uyilo oluvaleleke ngokupheleleyo. Iradiyetha ibekwe kumphandle wengqumba kwaye isisipholisi sangaphakathi sigqithisela ubushushu kwiradiyetha emva koko umoya wangaphandle uthwale ubushushu ukusuka kumphezulu weradiyetha.
Kulo yilo, imodyuli yokutshaja epholileyo yolwelo kunye nezixhobo zombane ngaphakathi kwibhloko yokutshaja zihlukaniswe ngokupheleleyo kwindawo yangaphandle, ukufikelela kwinqanaba lokukhusela i-IP65 kunye nokunyusa ukuthembeka kwenkqubo.
4. Ingxolo yokutshaja ephantsi kunye nokhuseleko oluphezulu.
Zombini iinkqubo zokutshaja zemveli kunye ne-liquid-cooled tshaja zineemodyuli zokutshaja ezipholileyo zomoya. Imodyuli ixhotyiswe ngabalandeli abancinci abanesantya esiphezulu abavelisa amanqanaba engxolo ngaphezulu kwe-65 decibels ngexesha lokusebenza. Ukongeza, imfumba yokutshaja ngokwayo ixhotyiswe ngefeni yokupholisa. Okwangoku, iitshaja ezipholiswe ngumoya zihlala zidlula iidecibel ezingama-70 xa zisebenza ngamandla apheleleyo. Oku kusenokungabonakali emini, kodwa ebusuku kunokubangela ukuphazamiseka ngakumbi kokusingqongileyo.
Ke ngoko, ingxolo eyandisiweyo evela kwizikhululo zokutshaja sesona sikhalazo sixhaphakileyo kubaqhubi. Ukucombulula le ngxaki, abaqhubi kufuneka bathabathe amanyathelo okulungisa, kodwa adla ngokubiza imali eninzi kwaye asebenze nzima. Ekugqibeleni, ukusebenza okulinganiselweyo kusenokuba kuphela kwendlela yokunciphisa uphazamiseko lwengxolo.
Ibhloko ye-boot epholileyo yonke i-liquid ithatha isakhiwo sokuchitha ubushushu obujikeleza kabini. Imodyuli yangaphakathi yokupholisa ulwelo ijikeleza ukupholisa ngempompo yamanzi ukutshabalalisa ubushushu kwaye idlulise ubushushu obuveliswe ngaphakathi kwimodyuli kwi-heatsink ephothiweyo. I-fan enkulu okanye inkqubo ye-air conditioning enesantya esiphantsi kodwa umthamo womoya ophezulu usetyenziswa ngaphandle kweradiyetha ukutshabalalisa ngokufanelekileyo ubushushu. Olu hlobo lwefeni yevolyum enesantya esisezantsi lunenqanaba lengxolo ephantsi kwaye alunabungozi kangako kunengxolo yefan enesantya esiphezulu.
Ukongeza, i-supercharger epholile ngokupheleleyo yolwelo inokuthi ibe noyilo lokwahlukana kobushushu obuqhekekayo, obufana nomgaqo wokwahlulahlula izifudumezi-moya. Olu yilo lukhusela iyunithi yokupholisa ebantwini kwaye inokutshintshisa ubushushu kunye namachibi, imithombo, njl. ukupholisa okungcono kunye nokunciphisa amanqanaba engxolo.
5. Ixabiso eliphantsi lilonke lobunini.
Xa kuqwalaselwa iindleko zokutshaja izixhobo kwizikhululo zokutshaja, iindleko zomjikelo wobomi zizonke (TCO) zetshaja mazithathelwe ingqalelo. Iinkqubo zokutshaja eziqhelekileyo zisebenzisa iimodyuli zokutshaja ezipholileyo ngokuqhelekileyo zinobomi benkonzo obungaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5, ngelixa isikhululo sokutshaja esisebenzayo imiqathango yokuqeshisa ngokuqhelekileyo i-8-10 iminyaka. Oku kuthetha ukuba isixhobo sokutshaja kufuneka sitshintshwe ubuncinane kube kanye ngexesha lokuphila kweso sibonelelo. Ngokwahlukileyo, ibhoyila yokutshaja epholise ngokupheleleyo ulwelo inokuba nobomi benkonzo ubuncinci beminyaka eyi-10, igubungela umjikelo wobomi bonke beplanti yamandla. Ukongeza, ngokungafaniyo nebhlokhi yemodyuli epholileyo yomoya, efuna ukuvulwa rhoqo kwekhabhathi ukuze kususwe uthuli kunye nokugcinwa, ibhloko ye-boot epholileyo yonke into ifuna ukugungxulwa kuphela emva kokuba uthuli luqokelele kwi-heatsink yangaphandle, nto leyo eyenza ukugcinwa kube nzima. . ntofontofo.
Ke ngoko, iindleko ezipheleleyo zobunini benkqubo yokutshaja epholileyo yolwelo isezantsi kunenkqubo yesiqhelo yokutshaja esebenzisa iimodyuli zokutshaja ezipholileyo ngomoya, kwaye ngokwamkelwa ngokubanzi kweenkqubo ezipholileyo zolwelo, izibonelelo zayo zokusebenza kweendleko ziya kuba. kucace ngakumbi.
Iziphene kwitekhnoloji yolwelo lokupholisa i-supercharging.
1. Ibhalansi ye-thermal embi
Ukupholisa ulwelo kusasekelwe kumgaqo wokutshintshiselana kobushushu ngenxa yomahluko wobushushu. Ngoko ke, ingxaki yokuhluka kweqondo lokushisa ngaphakathi kwimodyuli yebhetri ayinakuphetshwa. Ukwahluka kwamaqondo obushushu kunokubangela ukutshaja, ukutshaja kakhulu, okanye ekutshajisweni. Ukukhutshwa kwamacandelo emodyuli nganye ngexesha lokutshaja kunye nokukhutshwa. Ukutshaja kakhulu kunye nokukhupha ngaphezulu kweebhetri kunokubangela iingxaki zokhuseleko lwebhetri kwaye bufutshane ubomi bebhetri. Ukutshaja ngaphantsi kunye nokukhupha ibhetri kunciphisa ubuninzi bamandla ebhetri kwaye kwenze kube mfutshane uluhlu olusebenzayo.
2. Amandla okuhambisa ubushushu alinganiselwe.
Ixabiso lokutshaja ibhetri lilinganiselwe ngumlinganiselo wokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu, ngaphandle koko, kukho umngcipheko wokushisa. Amandla okuhambisa ubushushu kwipleyiti ebandayo yokupholisa ulwelo anqunyelwe ngumahluko wobushushu kunye nesantya sokuqukuqela, kwaye umahluko wobushushu olawulwayo unxulumene ngokusondeleyo nobushushu bendawo.
3. Kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokubaleka ubushushu.
Ukubaleka kwebhetri kwe-thermal kwenzeka xa ibhetri ivelisa ubushushu obukhulu ngexesha elifutshane. Ngenxa yezinga elilinganiselweyo lokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu obunengqiqo ngenxa yokuhluka kweqondo lokushisa, ukuqokelelwa kobushushu okukhulu kubangela ukukhula ngokukhawuleza. iqondo lobushushu, nto leyo ephumela kumjikelo elungileyo phakathi ibhetri ukufudumeza kunye nobushushu ukunyuka, ebangela uqhushumbo kunye nemililo, kwakunye ekhokelela ukubaleka thermal kwiiseli ezingabamelwane.
4. Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla amakhulu e-parasitic.
Ukuxhathisa umjikelo wokupholisa ulwelo kuphezulu, ngakumbi ukunikezelwa kwemida yemodyuli yebhetri. Ijelo lokuhamba kwepleyiti ebandayo lidla ngokuba lincinci. Xa ukutshintshwa kobushushu kukhulu, izinga lokuhamba liya kuba likhulu, kwaye ukulahlekelwa kwengcinezelo kumjikelezo kuya kuba mkhulu. , kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla kuya kuba kukhulu, okuya kunciphisa ukusebenza kwebhetri xa kugqithiswa.
Ubume bemarike kunye neendlela zophuhliso zokuzaliswa kwakhona kokupholisa ulwelo.
Ubume bemarike
Ngokwedatha yamva nje evela kwi-China Charging Alliance, bekukho izikhululo zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke ezingama-31,000 ngoFebruwari 2023 kunoJanuwari 2023, zinyuke nge-54.1% ukusuka ngoFebruwari. Ukusukela ngoFebruwari 2023, iiyunithi zomfelandawonye zanika ingxelo yezikhululo zokutshaja zikawonke-wonke ezisisi-1.869 sezigidi, kubandakanywa nezikhululo zokutshaja ezingama-796,000 ze-DC kunye ne-1.072 yezigidi zezikhululo zokutshaja ze-AC.
Njengoko izinga lokungena kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha liqhubeka nokunyuka kunye nezibonelelo zenkxaso ezifana nokulayishwa kweemfumba ngokukhawuleza, iteknoloji entsha ye-liquid-cooled supercharging iye yaba ngumxholo wokhuphiswano kwishishini. Iinkampani ezininzi zezithuthi zamandla amatsha kunye neenkampani ezifaka imfumba nazo ziqalisile ukwenza uphando lwetekhnoloji kunye nophuhliso kunye nesicwangciso sokunyusa amaxabiso.
I-Tesla yinkampani yokuqala yeemoto kumzi-mveliso ukuqalisa ukwamkelwa kweeyunithi ezipholiswe kakhulu zolwelo. Ngoku isasaze ngaphezulu kwe-1,500 yezikhululo zokutshaja eTshayina, kunye ne-10,000 yeeyunithi zokutshaja. I-supercharger ye-Tesla V3 ine-design-cooled-cooled yonke into, imodyuli yokutshaja epholileyo, kunye nompu wokutshaja owenziwe ngamanzi. Umpu omnye ungatshaja ukuya kutsho kuma-250 kW/600 A, unyuse umgama weekhilomitha ezingama-250 kwimizuzu eyi-15. Imodeli ye-V4 iya kuveliswa ngeebhetshi. Ufakelo lokutshaja lukwanyusa amandla okutshaja ukuya kuma-350 kW ngompu.
Emva koko, i-Porsche Taycan yazisa umhlaba wokuqala we-800 V wokwakhiwa kombane ophezulu kwaye ixhasa ukutshaja okunamandla kwe-350 kW; I-global limited edition I-Great Wall Salon Mecha Dragon 2022 ine-current ukuya kwi-600 A, i-voltage ukuya kwi-800 V kunye ne-peak yokutshaja amandla angama-480 kW; i-peak voltage ukuya kwi-1000 V, okwangoku ukuya kwi-600 A kunye ne-peak charging power 480 kW; I-Xiaopeng G9 yimoto yemveliso enebhetri ye-silicon ye-800V; iqonga lombane we-carbide kwaye ilungele ukutshaja kwe-480 kW ultra-fast chaging.
Okwangoku, iinkampani ezinkulu ezenza itshaja ezingena kwimarike ye-supercharger epholileyo yasekhaya ikakhulu ibandakanya i-Inkerui, i-Infineon Technology, i-ABB, iTekhnoloji yobukrelekrele beRuisu, uMthombo waMandla, ukuTshaja kweNkwenkwezi, iTe Laidian, njl.
Indlela yeKamva yokuTshaja kwakhona ukuPholisa kolwelo
Intsimi yokupholisa ulwelo olushajiweyo kakhulu ikwindawo yokuqala kwaye inamandla amakhulu kunye nophuhliso olubanzi lwamathemba. Ukupholisa ulwelo sisisombululo esihle sokutshaja ngamandla aphezulu. Akukho zingxaki zobugcisa kuyilo kunye nokuveliswa kwamandla aphezulu ombane otshaja ebhetri ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe. Kuyimfuneko ukusombulula umba wokuqhagamshelwa kwekhebula ukusuka kumandla ombane webhetri etshajayo yamandla aphezulu ukuya kumpu wokutshaja.
Nangona kunjalo, izinga lokwamkelwa kweemfumba zamandla olwelo olupholise kakhulu kwilizwe lam lisephantsi. Oku kungenxa yokuba iipistoli zokutshaja ezipholileyo ezinolwelo zinexabiso eliphezulu kakhulu, kwaye iinkqubo zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza ziya kuvula imarike exabisa amakhulu eebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2025. Ngokolwazi olufumaneka esidlangalaleni, ixabiso eliqhelekileyo leeyunithi zokutshaja malunga ne-0.4 RMB/ W.
Ixabiso le-240kW yeeyunithi zokutshaja ngokukhawuleza liqikelelwa ukuba lijikeleze i-96,000 ye-yuan, ngokwexabiso leentambo zokutshaja zokupholisa ulwelo e-Rifeng Co., Ltd. Kwinkomfa yabezindaba, exabisa i-yuan engama-20,000 ngesethi nganye, kucingelwa ukuba itshaja ulwelo-lupholile. Iindleko zompu zimalunga ne-21% yeendleko zemfumba yokutshaja, okwenza kube yinto ebiza kakhulu emva kwemodyuli yokutshaja. Njengoko inani leemodeli zokutshaja ezikhawulezayo zamandla zisanda, indawo yentengiso yeebhetri ezitshaja ngokukhawuleza ngamandla kwilizwe lam kulindeleke ukuba ibe malunga ne-133.4 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan ngo-2025.
Kwixesha elizayo, itekhnoloji yokutshaja okupholisa ulwelo iya kukhawulezisa ukungena. Ukuphuhliswa kunye nokuphunyezwa kobuchwepheshe obunamandla bokutshaja obumanzi obupholileyo kusenendlela ende ekufuneka ihambe. Oku kufuna intsebenziswano phakathi kweenkampani zeemoto, iinkampani zebhetri, iinkampani ezifaka inqwaba, kunye namanye amaqela.
Kungale ndlela kuphela apho sinokuthi sixhase ngcono uphuhliso lweshishini lezithuthi zombane laseTshayina, sikhuthaze ngakumbi ukutshaja okuhlengahlengisiweyo kunye ne-V2G, kunye nokukhuthaza ukonga amandla kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa, indlela enekhabhoni ephantsi. kunye nophuhliso lohlaza, kunye nokukhawulezisa ukuphunyezwa kwenjongo yeqhinga "ikhabhoni ephindwe kabini".
Ixesha lokuposa: May-06-2024