Iyini ipulaki yendiza?
Amapulagi endiza aqala ngeminyaka yawo-1930 lapho kwakhiwa izindiza zempi. Namuhla, izicelo zamapulaki ezindiza azihlanganisi nje kuphela izinto zezempi nezokukhiqiza, kodwa futhi nezindawo zokusebenza ezinokwethenjelwa ezifana nemishini yezokwelapha, ezishintshayo, nezokuthutha ngololiwe. Amapulagi ajwayelekile endiza ahlanganisa abathintwayo abadlulisa idatha namandla.
Yiziphi izici eziyisisekelo nezigaba?
Ngokuvamile, amapulagi endiza azungezwe ipulasitiki noma igobolondo lensimbi elishumekwe endaweni evikelayo ukuze kugcinwe ukuqondanisa. Njengoba evamise ukubhangqwa nezintambo, lawa matheminali amelana ikakhulukazi nokuphazamiseka kwangaphandle kanye nokunqanyulwa kwephutha.M12, M8, M5, M16, 5/8', kanye ne-M23, 7/8' amapulagi endiza ayiningi lamapulagi endiza asetshenziselwa okuzenzakalelayo okungajwayelekile.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwamapulaki endiza
1. Ukuhlelwa kwamapulaki endiza ngokwenani lezikhonkwane (izikhonkwane, izinongo)
Ngokuvamile, kuba nezikhonkwane ezintathu, eziyisithupha, noma eziyisishiyagalombili (inombolo yezikhonkwane, inombolo yama-cores) ekugcineni kwepulaki yendiza.
2. Hlukanisa ngokuya ngemininingwane yokukhiqiza, usayizi, i-engeli yokuxhuma, kanye nendlela yokunqamula ukuxhumana.
Izinga lepulaki yomoya: ipulaki yomoya evamile ngokuvamile ibhekisela ekwakhiweni kwayo ngokuhambisana nezindinganiso zezwe laseJalimane noma izindinganiso zezempi zase-United States (izindinganiso zempi zase-US). Ngokusho usayizi zingahlukaniswa miniature, air plugs amancane.
2.1 Ipulaki yomoya ejwayelekile yaseJalimane
Izinga le-DIN (i-ejensi kazwelonke yaseJalimane yokulinganisa): Ipulaki yomoya ye-DIN ihambisana nezindinganiso zikagesi zaseJalimane, nomsebenzi wefrikhwensi ephezulu kanye nomsebenzi wesithonjana, ukuvikelwa kwegobolondo lensimbi, namatheminali ayindilinga anezindawo ezigobile. Lesi sakhiwo siqinisekisa ukuthi amataniswa ngendlela efanele.
2.2 Amapulagi omoya ajwayelekile ezempi ase-US
Ukucaciswa kwezempi (i-MIL-standard): Izixhumi ezijwayelekile ze-MIL ziklanywe ngokuya ngemikhuba engcono kakhulu yezinhlelo zokusebenza zezempi neze-aerospace. Lezi zixhumi ezimangelengele zilungele ukusetshenziswa okunomthelela omkhulu futhi zimelana kalula nezindawo eziyingozi. Ngenxa yokuvalwa kwe-epoxy ezungeze amatheminali, ezinye izixhumi ze-MIL cishe zivaliwe ngokwe-hermetically noma azingeni moya, futhi eziningi azinawo amanzi.
I-Micro noma i-Nano: Ama-Micro kanye nama-nanocarriers anephinikhodi namadayimitha kajeke amancane kanye nesikhala esincane phakathi kwawo, okusiza ukunciphisa indawo engaphezulu kutheminali futhi kunciphisa isisindo esengeziwe sesixhumi engxenyeni.
Izindlela zokuxhuma i-Aviation plug terminal kanye nezinzuzo
1.1 Indlela yokuxhumeka kwetheminali
Njengezinhlobo eziningi zezixhumi zikagesi, amapulagi endiza anoxhumano oluningi lwamatheminali. Imvelo yokuxhumana phakathi koxhumana nabo bakagesi kusici ngasinye sesixhumi sincike ohlotsheni lwetheminali ekhethiwe. Ukukhethwa kwalezi zinhlobo zamatheminali kuncike kakhulu ezindlekweni, kalula ukuxhuma nokunqanyulwa, kanye nokuvikelwa emaphutheni, ukuguga, nokulimala kwemvelo.
Amapulagi endiza ayindilinga asetshenziselwa ukususwa kwe-insulation, i-soldering, i-winding, i-screw noma i-lug uxhumano, nokuxhumeka kwengcindezi. Amapulagi endiza ayindilinga atholakala ngebanga elibanzi losayizi wokuxhumana nosayizi begobolondo, ukusuka ku-M8/M5/M12 kuya ku-M12/M16, kuye ngenjongo ethile yokuxhuma. Amadayimitha amagobolondo amancane asetshenziselwa izinzwa nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinembayo nezizwela kakhulu, kuyilapho amadayamitha amagobolondo amakhulu asetshenziselwa ukudlulisa amandla, isb emishinini yezolimo.
1.2 Izinzuzo zamapulaki ezindiza
Ilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga izixhumi zikagesi ezinamatheminali aqine kakhulu. Umumo wabo oyi-cylindrical ubenza bamelane ikakhulukazi nesiphithiphithi semishini kanye nokushaqeka.
1. Ukuvikela amanzi, umswakama, ukumelana nemvula, ukumelana nelanga, ukugqwala.
2. I-flame-retardant, ukumelana ne-oxidation, futhi ihambisana nemvelo (yonke imikhiqizo ivela emigqeni yokukhiqiza eluhlaza).
3. Inqubo yokukhiqiza eyenziwe ngcono: inqubo yokuhlanganisa eyenziwe lula kanye nenqubo yokukhiqiza ngobuningi.
4. Ukunakekelwa okulula: Asikho isidingo sokusika izintambo, imikhono yepulasitiki kagesi, njll. Uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi, vele ujikeleze iziphetho zesixhumi esingangeni manzi, esilungele ukugcinwa kwemikhiqizo engangeni manzi njenge-LED, amandla elanga, kanye ne-geothermal.
5. Thuthukisa ukuguquguquka kwedizayini: ukusetshenziswa kwezixhumi kuvumela onjiniyela ukuthi baklame futhi bahlanganise imikhiqizo emisha futhi babe nokuguquguquka okukhulu lapho besebenzisa i-meta-components ukwenza amasistimu.
Amapulaki endiza asetshenziswa kakhulu kule mikhakha elandelayo
I-Aerospace: Ngenxa yokuthembeka nokuqina kwawo, amapulagi endiza angasebenza endaweni ephakeme, isivinini esikhulu, kanye nezimo ezisezingeni eliphezulu neziphansi futhi agcine izakhiwo ezinhle zikagesi nemishini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokungangeni kwamanzi, uthuli, kanye nezici zayo ezimelana nokugqwala, amapulagi endiza angasetshenziswa ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene ezinokhahlo.
Inkundla yezempi: Amapulaki ezindiza ayingxenye ebalulekile yenkundla yezempi. Asetshenziswa kakhulu kumathangi, imikhumbi yempi, izindiza, nezinye izinto zezempi phakathi kwemishini kagesi. Ngenxa yokuthembeka nokuqina kwayo, izixhumi eziyindilinga zingasebenza endaweni yempi futhi zigcine izakhiwo ezinhle zikagesi nezemishini ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukwethembeka kokudluliswa kolwazi nokusebenza kahle kwemishini. Ukwengeza, izixhumi eziyindilinga azikwazi ukungena emanzini, zingangenwa uthuli, azikwazi ukugqwala, nezinye izici ukuze zivumelane nezimo ezihlukene zempi.
Inkambu yezimboni: ama-plugs endiza adlala indima ebalulekile emikhakheni eminingi ebalulekile, lezi zimo zohlelo lokusebenza zidinga amapulagi ezindiza ezinokwethenjelwa okuphezulu, ukuqina, nokuvumelana nezimo. Isibonelo, zingasetshenziswa kumishini yefekthri ezishintshayo ukuze kuxhunywe izinzwa kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukudluliswa kwedatha okunembile. Ama-avionic plugs nawo asetshenziswa ezimbonini ze-petroleum, zamakhemikhali, nezisindayo.
Izikhawu zokushintshwa kwamapulaki endiza
Ngokuvamile, izikhawu zokushintshwa kwamapulaki kufanele zihlolwe ngesisekelo sokusetshenziswa kwangempela, futhi okulandelayo kukhona okucatshangelwayo okuphakanyisiwe:
Hlola njalo ukusebenza kwamapulaki endiza, okuhlanganisa izinkomba ezifana nesivinini sokudlulisa, ukumelana nokuxhumana, nokumelana nokushisa.
Lapho kutholwa ukusebenza okonakele noma okungahambisani nemithetho, kufanele kucatshangelwe ngokushesha ukubuyisela ipulaki.
Rekhoda njalo isikhathi sokusetshenziswa kanye nenani lamapulaki nokudonsa kwamapulaki ukuze uhlole izinga lokuguga.
Uma isikhathi sokusebenzisa noma inani lamapulaki lifinyelela inani elilindelekile, ukushintshwa kwepulaki kufanele kucatshangelwe.
Impilo yesevisi yamapulaki endiza ithintwa izinto eziningi, okuhlanganisa nalokhu okulandelayo:
Ezimweni zendiza ezinonya, amapulaki endiza angase abe ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa, umswakama, ukudlidliza, nezinye izici ezingehlisa ukusebenza kwawo. Ikakhulukazi emazingeni okushisa adlulele noma umswakama, okokusebenza kwepulaki kungase kunwetshwe noma kunciphe, kunciphise ukunemba kokulingana kwephini-to-socket.
Ukuxhuma njalo nokukhipha ipulaki kwesitsha kungase kubhidlize amaphinikhodi namasokhethi, kunciphise ukusebenza kokuxhumana kwesixhumi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, insimbi engaphakathi kwesitsha nayo iyaguga, kuthinte impilo yayo yesevisi. Ngakho-ke, ukunakekelwa okuvamile nokunakekelwa kuzosiza ukunweba impilo yepulaki yendiza. Ngaphandle kokugcinwa nokunakekelwa okuvamile, ipulaki ingase ibe yimbi kakhulu ngenxa yokunqwabelana kothuli, i-oxidization, nezinye izizathu.
Lapho ushintsha amapulaki endiza, amaphuzu alandelayo adinga ukuqashelwa:
Lapho wenza esikhundleni sepulaki yendiza, qiniseka ukuthi ipulaki entsha iyafana noma iyahambisana nemodeli yesibonelo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ipulaki entsha izohlangabezana nezimfuneko zesistimu.
Ngaphambi kokushintshwa, qinisekisa ukuthi okokusebenza kucishiwe ngokuphelele ukuvimbela izingozi zikagesi.
Lapho ufaka ipulaki entsha, landela imiyalelo yomkhiqizi ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi isokhethi nepulaki kuqondile futhi kuvikelwe ngamathuluzi afanelekile.
Lapho usuqedile ukufaka, yenza izivivinyo zokusebenza ezidingekayo ukuze uthole ukuthi ipulaki entsha isebenza kahle yini.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-31-2024