Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezixhumi zezimboni, okuhlanganisa amasokhethi, izixhumi, izihloko, amabhulokhi wetheminali, njll., ezisetshenziselwa ukuxhuma izinto zikagesi nokusiza ukudlulisa amasignali namandla.
Ukukhethwa kwempahla yezixhumi zezimboni kubalulekile ngoba kufanele kube nokuqina, ukwethembeka, ukuphepha, nokusebenza kahle ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuxhumana okuthembekile phakathi kwamadivayisi. Ngakho-ke, izixhumi zezimboni ngokuvamile zisebenzisa izinto zensimbi ezinamandla aphezulu njengethusi, i-aluminium, insimbi, njll. ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukwethembeka nokuqina kwazo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, indlela yokufaka yezixhumi zezimboni nayo ibalulekile ngoba zingasiza izinto zikagesi zidlulise amasignali namandla, zibe nezici ezifana nokuqina, ukwethembeka, ukuphepha, nokusebenza kahle, futhi ziyingxenye ebalulekile yoxhumo lwedivayisi kagesi.
Indima yezixhumi zezimboni:
Izixhumi zezimboni zingamasokhethi amancane ahlanganisayo namapulaki amaphini awo axhuma ngokuqondile amabhodi esekethe aphrintiwe (ama-PCB) ngamandla namasiginali. Ukuvimbela i-oxidation yesikhathi eside, ama-alloys ethusi avame ukusetshenziselwa izixhumi zezimboni ukuvimbela ukuwohloka kagesi.
Ekwenziweni ngogesi, uma i-PCB esigabeni sokuklama ibhodi lesifunda ithatha isikhala esiningi, idivayisi ingase ihlukaniswe ngamabhodi amabili noma ngaphezulu. Izixhumi zezimboni zingaxhuma amandla namasignali phakathi kwalawa mabhodi ukuze kuqedelwe konke ukuxhumana.
Ukusebenzisa izixhumi zezimboni kwenza kube lula inqubo yokuklama ibhodi lesifunda. Amabhodi esekethe amancane adinga imishini yokukhiqiza okungenzeka ingakwazi ukuhlalisa amabhodi esekethe amakhulu. Ukuminyanisa idivayisi noma umkhiqizo ebhodini elilodwa noma amaningi kudinga ukucatshangelwa kokusetshenziswa kwamandla, ukuhlanganisa isignali okungafunwa, ukutholakala kwengxenye, kanye nezindleko eziphelele zomkhiqizo noma idivayisi yokugcina.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwezixhumi zezimboni kungenza kube lula ukwenziwa nokuhlolwa kwezinto zikagesi. Embonini yokukhiqiza ama-elekthronikhi, ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zixhumi kungonga imali eningi ngoba ama-PCB anomthamo omkhulu anemikhondo nezingxenye eziningi endaweni yeyunithi. Kuye ngokutshalwa kwezimali kunkimbinkimbi yemboni yokukhiqiza, idivayisi noma umkhiqizo uklanywe kangcono njengamabhodi axhumene kakhulu axhumene kakhulu kunebhodi elilodwa elinomthamo omkhulu.
Ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be- through-hole, izixhumi zezimboni zingaxhuma imikhondo kanye nezingxenye ebhodini lesifunda endaweni yesithathu. Isibonelo, awekho ama-PCB ongqimba olulodwa phakathi kwezinhlangothi ezimbili ze-PCB enezinhlangothi ezimbili, futhi ama-PCB anezingqimba eziningi ngokuvamile angaphansi kwamayintshi angu-0.08 noma ubukhulu obungu-2 mm futhi anezindawo zangaphakathi eziqhubayo ezingathwala zamanje.
Izici zokukhetha isixhumi sezimboni
Izixhumi zezimboni okwamanje ezisemakethe zenze imisebenzi eminingi ehlukahlukene kanye nokubukeka ukuze kusetshenziswe inhlobonhlobo yamadivayisi. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isixhumi esifanele kakhulu sikhethelwa uhlelo oluqondiwe, onjiniyela badinga ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi bekhetha izinto ezisetshenziswayo. Ngaphezu kokucabangela izici eziyisisekelo zikagesi, izindleko, nokubukeka, onjiniyela badinga futhi ukuqonda izici ezilandelayo zokukhetha ukuze bathuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokukhetha izinto.
1. Ukuphazanyiswa kwe-electromagnetic
Lapho besungula ukuxhumeka kwesignali, onjiniyela bangacabangela ukuphazamiseka kwe-ambient, okufana nokuphazanyiswa kwe-electromagnetic (EMI) kusuka kumadrayivu ezimoto nomsindo okhiqizwa amathuluzi aseduze. Lezi ziphazamiso zingase zidale ukulahleka kokudluliswa kwesignali noma kuthinte ukuthembeka kwesignali. Kulokhu, izixhumi ezivikelekile kanye nezintambo ezicophelela kakhulu zingasetshenziswa ukuqeda lokhu kukhathazeka.
2. Ukuvikelwa ekungeneni kwezinto zangaphandle
Onjiniyela bangacabangela ukuthi isixhumi sidinga ileveli "yokuvikela kokungenela" ehambisanayo ngokombono wokungena kwalezi zinto zangaphandle. Isibonelo, endaweni yokusebenza, isixhumi singase sibe sengozini yokungcola, amanzi, uwoyela, amakhemikhali, njll. Amazinga okushisa aphezulu naphansi angabangela ukuminyana kwamanzi.
3. Ukuminyana okuphezulu
Ukuze unikeze ukudluliswa “imikhiqizo enokuminyana okuphezulu”, njengezixhumi ezitakikelayo noma izixhumi ze-high-density array, cabanga ukusebenzisa izixhumi “ezehlisa usayizi we-PCB kuyilapho ukhulisa inombolo yama-I/Os”.
4. Uxhumano olusheshayo nolungenawo amaphutha
Ukufaka kuvame ukudinga ukuxhumeka okusheshayo nokungenaphutha, ikakhulukazi uma kudingeka inombolo enkulu yokuxhumana. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izindawo zokuxhuma kunzima ukufinyelela kuzo, noma kunzima ukubona ukuma ngemva kokuxhumeka ezimweni eziphansi zokukhanya, futhi ukukhathala kweminwe yabasebenzi kuzokwandisa izinga lokuhluleka kokuxhumeka. Ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obufana nokuxhumeka kwe-push-pull pluggable kungonga isikhathi uma kuqhathaniswa nokusebenzisa uxhumano oluvamile lwentambo.
5. Izixhumanisi ezingafani
Enye inkinga evamile ukuxhumana okungafani. Ukuxhumana okungafani kubhekisela ekusetshenzisweni kwezixhumi eziningi ezifanayo endaweni efanayo, nezixhumi ezingafani ezifakwe ezisokhethi ezingalungile. Uma isikhala sendawo sivuma, ikhodi yocingo ingengezwa ukuze kuhlukaniswe izintambo ezithile noma ukuxhumana kwetheminali. Isibonelo, izixhumi eziyindilinga zinganikeza umumo ojwayelekile njengo-A, B, C, D, S, T, X, noma Y. Ukusebenzisa amalebula ekhebula noma ukubhala ngekhodi kunganciphisa nokuxhumeka okungahambisani.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-26-2024