Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwemakethe yezimoto zikagesi, abasebenzisi bafaka izidingo ezikhulayo kububanzi, isivinini sokushaja, ukushaja okulula, nezinye izici. Kodwa-ke, kusekhona ukushiyeka kanye nezinkinga zokungahambisani nengqalasizinda eshajayo ekhaya naphesheya, okubangela abasebenzisi ukuthi bahlangabezane nezinkinga ezinjengokungakwazi ukuthola iziteshi zokushaja ezifanele, izikhathi zokulinda ezinde, nomthelela ongemuhle wokushaja lapho behamba.
I-Huawei Digital Energy ibhale ku-Twitter: "Ishaja egcwele uketshezi epholile ye-Huawei isiza ekudaleni ukuphakama okuphezulu nokushaja kwekhwalithi ephezulu engu-318 Sichuan-Tibet Supercharging Green Corridor." I-athikili iphawula ukuthi lawa matheminali okushajwa apholile ngokuphelele afakwe uketshezi anezici ezilandelayo:
1. Amandla aphezulu okukhiphayo ngu-600KW kanti umkhawulo wamanje ngu-600A. Kwaziwa ngokuthi "ikhilomitha elilodwa ngomzuzwana" futhi inganikeza amandla amakhulu okushaja ezindaweni eziphakeme.
2. Ubuchwepheshe obuphelele bokupholisa uketshezi buqinisekisa ukwethembeka okuphezulu kwemishini: endaweni ethafeni, ingakwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu, umswakama ophezulu, uthuli, nokugqwala, futhi ingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezihlukahlukene zokusebenza komugqa onzima.
3. Ifanele wonke amamodeli: Ibanga lokushaja lingu-200-1000V, futhi izinga lokuphumelela lokushaja lingafinyelela ku-99%. Ingakwazi ukufanisa izimoto zabagibeli ezifana ne-Tesla, i-Xpeng, ne-Lili, kanye nezimoto zezentengiselwano ezifana ne-Lalamove, futhi ingafinyelela: "Hamba uye emotweni, uyishaje, uyishaje, bese uhamba."
Ubuchwepheshe bokushaja okuphezulu obupholile ngoketshezi abuhlinzeki nje kuphela ngezinsizakalo zekhwalithi ephezulu kanye nolwazi kubasebenzisi bezimoto ezintsha zasekhaya kodwa futhi buzosiza ngokuqhubekayo ukwandisa nokukhuthaza imakethe yezimoto zamandla amasha. Lesi sihloko sizokusiza uqonde ubuchwepheshe bokushajwa kabusha kokupholisa uketshezi futhi uhlaziye isimo sazo semakethe namathrendi esikhathi esizayo.
Iyini i-liquid cooling overcharge?
Ukushajwa kabusha kokupholisa uketshezi kufinyelelwa ngokwakha umzila okhethekile wokuzungeza uketshezi phakathi kwekhebula nesibhamu sokushaja. Lesi siteshi sigcwaliswa ngoketshezi olupholile ukususa ukushisa. Iphampu yamandla iphromotha ukujikeleza kwesipholile esiwuketshezi, esingahlakaza ngempumelelo ukushisa okukhiqizwa phakathi nenqubo yokushaja. Ingxenye yamandla yesistimu isebenzisa ukupholisa uketshezi futhi ihlukanisiwe ngokuphelele nemvelo yangaphandle, ngakho-ke ihlangabezana nezinga lokuklama le-IP65. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uhlelo luphinde lusebenzise ifeni enamandla ukuze kuncishiswe umsindo wokukhipha ukushisa nokuthuthukisa ubungane bemvelo.
Izici zobuchwepheshe kanye nezinzuzo zokupholisa uketshezi olushaja kakhulu.
1. Isivinini sokushaja esiphezulu samanje nesisheshayo.
Okukhiphayo kwamanje kwebhethri elishajayo kukhawulelwe intambo yesibhamu eshajayo, ngokuvamile esebenzisa izintambo zethusi ukuze ithwale intambo. Kodwa-ke, ukushisa okukhiqizwa ikhebula kuhambisana nesikwele samanje, okusho ukuthi njengoba umthamo wokushaja ukhula, ikhebula kungenzeka ukuthi likhiqize ukushisa okudlulele. Ukuze unciphise inkinga yokushisa ngokweqile kwekhebula, indawo ephambanayo yocingo kufanele inyuswe, kodwa lokhu kuzokwenza nesibhamu sokushaja sibe nzima kakhulu. Isibonelo, isibhamu sokushaja esijwayelekile sikazwelonke se-250A ngokuvamile sisebenzisa ikhebuli engu-80mm², okwenza isibhamu esishajayo sibe nzima futhi kungabi lula ukugoba.
Uma udinga ukufeza izinga eliphezulu lokushaja, ishaja yezibhamu ezimbili iyisixazululo esisebenzayo, kodwa lokhu kulungele kuphela amacala akhethekile. Isixazululo esingcono kakhulu sokushaja kwamanje ngokuvamile ubuchwepheshe bezibhamu eziphole ngoketshezi. Lobu buchwepheshe bupholisa ngokuphumelelayo ingaphakathi lesibhamu esishajayo, lisivumela ukuthi sibambe imisinga ephakeme ngaphandle kokushisa ngokweqile.
Isakhiwo sangaphakathi sesibhamu sokushaja esipholile uketshezi sihlanganisa izintambo namapayipi amanzi. Ngokuvamile, indawo ephambanayo yekhebuli yokushaja epholile engu-500A ingu-35mm² kuphela, futhi ukushisa okukhiqizwayo kuqedwa ngokuphumelelayo ukugeleza kokupholisa kupayipi lamanzi. Ngenxa yokuthi ikhebula lizacile, isibhamu sokushaja esipholile ngoketshezi silula ngo-30 kuya ku-40% kunesibhamu esivamile esishajayo.
Ukwengeza, isibhamu sokushaja esipholile uketshezi sidinga futhi ukusetshenziswa neyunithi yokupholisa, ehlanganisa amathangi amanzi, amaphampu amanzi, ama-radiator, izifeni, nezinye izakhi. Iphampu yamanzi inomthwalo wemfanelo wokuzungeza into epholisayo ngaphakathi kolayini womlomo womlomo, idlulisele ukushisa kurediyetha, bese iyiphephetha ngesiphephetha-moya, ngaleyo ndlela inikeze umthamo omkhulu wamanje wokuthwala kunemibhobho evamile epholiswe ngokwemvelo.
2. Intambo yesibhamu ilula futhi imishini yokushaja ilula.
3. Ukushisa okuncane, ukuchithwa kokushisa okusheshayo, nokuphepha okuphezulu.
Amabhayela ajwayelekile okulayisha kanye namabhoyela okulayisha acishe abe uketshezi olumanzi ngokuvamile asebenzisa amasistimu okwenqaba ukushisa okupholiswe komoya lapho umoya ungena emzimbeni webhayela usuka ohlangothini olulodwa, ukhiphe ukushisa okukhiqizwa izingxenye zikagesi namamojula okulungisa kabusha, bese uphuma emzimbeni wokubhayela. songa umzimba ngakolunye uhlangothi. Kodwa-ke, le ndlela yokukhipha ukushisa inezinkinga ezithile ngenxa yokuthi umoya ongena enqwabeni ungase ube nothuli, isifutho sikasawoti, nomhwamuko wamanzi, futhi lezi zinto zinganamathela ebusweni bezingxenye zangaphakathi, okuholela ekunciphiseni ukusebenza kwenqwaba. amasistimu kanye nokusebenza kahle okuncishisiwe kokukhipha ukushisa, okunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kokushaja futhi kufinyeze impilo yemishini.
Kuma-boilers ajwayelekile okushaja kanye nama-boilers okulayisha apholile, ukususwa kokushisa nokuvikelwa kuyimiqondo emibili ephikisanayo. Uma ukusebenza kokuvikela kubalulekile, ukusebenza kokushisa kungase kube nomkhawulo, futhi ngokuphambene nalokho. Lokhu kwenza ukwakheka kwezinqwaba ezinjalo kube nzima futhi kudinga ukucatshangelwa ngokugcwele kokukhipha ukushisa kuyilapho kuvikela imishini.
Ibhulokhi yebhuthi epholile yonke i-liquid isebenzisa imojuli yebhuthi epholile uketshezi. Le mojula ayinawo amapayipi omoya ngaphambili noma ngemuva. Imojula isebenzisa isipholile esizungeza ngepuleti lokupholisa uketshezi lwangaphakathi ukushintshanisa ukushisa nendawo yangaphandle, okuvumela ingxenye yamandla eyunithi yokuqalisa ukuthi ifinyelele idizayini evalekile ngokuphelele. Irediyetha ibekwe ngaphandle kwenqwaba bese into epholile ngaphakathi idlulisela ukushisa kurediyetha bese umoya ongaphandle ukhiphe ukushisa ebusweni berediyetha.
Kulo mklamo, imojuli yokushaja epholile uketshezi kanye nezinsiza zikagesi ngaphakathi kwebhulokhi yokushaja zihlukaniswe ngokuphelele nemvelo yangaphandle, kufinyelela izinga lokuvikela le-IP65 nokwandisa ukwethembeka kwesistimu.
4. Umsindo wokushaja ophansi nokuvikela okuphezulu.
Kokubili amasistimu wokushaja endabuko kanye nawokupholisa uketshezi anamamojula akhelwe ngaphakathi okushaja okupholise umoya. Imojula ifakwe abalandeli abambalwa abanesivinini esiphezulu abavame ukukhiqiza amazinga omsindo angaphezu kwama-decibel angu-65 ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqwaba yokushaja ngokwayo ifakwe i-fan yokupholisa. Njengamanje, amashaja apholile emoyeni avame ukweqa ama-decibel angu-70 uma esebenza ngamandla aphelele. Lokhu kungase kungabonakali emini, kodwa ebusuku kungase kubangele ukuphazamiseka nakakhulu endaweni ezungezile.
Ngakho-ke, ukwanda komsindo ovela eziteshini zokushaja kuyisikhalazo esivame kakhulu esivela kubaqhubi. Ukuze kuxazululwe le nkinga, opharetha badinga ukuthatha izinyathelo zokulungisa, kodwa lezi zivame ukubiza futhi zisebenza ngokulinganiselwe. Ekugcineni, ukusebenza okulinganiselwe kwamandla kungase kube ukuphela kwendlela yokunciphisa ukuphazamiseka komsindo.
Ibhulokhi yebhuthi epholile yonke i-liquid yamukela isakhiwo sokuchitha ukushisa okujikeleza kabili. Imojula yokupholisa uketshezi lwangaphakathi izungeza isipholile ngepompo yamanzi ukuze ikhiphe ukushisa futhi idlulisele ukushisa okukhiqizwa ngaphakathi kwemojula ku-heatsink ecijile. I-fan enkulu noma isistimu yokupholisa umoya enejubane eliphansi kodwa ivolumu yomoya ephezulu isetshenziswa ngaphandle kwerediyetha ukuze kukhishwe ukushisa ngempumelelo. Lolu hlobo lwefeni yevolumu ephansi lunomsindo ophansi uma kuqhathaniswa futhi alunangozi kangako kunomsindo wefeni elincane elinesivinini esikhulu.
Ukwengeza, i-supercharger epholise ngokuphelele uketshezi ingase futhi ibe nomklamo wokuhlukanisa ukushisa okuhlukanisiwe, okufana nomgomo wokuhlukanisa ama-air conditioner. Lo mklamo uvikela iyunithi yokupholisa kubantu futhi ungashintshanisa ukushisa namachibi, imithombo, njll. ukuze uthole ukupholisa okungcono kanye namazinga omsindo ancishisiwe.
5. Izindleko eziphansi zobunikazi.
Uma kucutshungulwa izindleko zemishini yokushaja eziteshini zokushaja, izindleko zomjikelezo wokuphila okuphelele (TCO) weshaja kufanele zicatshangelwe. Amasistimu wokushaja endabuko asebenzisa amamojula okushaja apholile emoyeni ngokuvamile anempilo yesevisi engaphansi kweminyaka engu-5, kuyilapho imigomo yamanje yokuqashisa esebenza esiteshini sokushaja ngokuvamile iyiminyaka engu-8-10. Lokhu kusho ukuthi impahla yokushaja kufanele ishintshwe okungenani kanye ngesikhathi sokuphila kwesikhungo. Ngokuphambene, ubhayela wokushaja opholiswe ngokuphelele uketshezi ungaba nempilo yesevisi okungenani iminyaka eyi-10, ehlanganisa wonke umjikelezo wempilo wesikhungo samandla. Ukwengeza, ngokungafani nebhulokhi ye-module epholile emoyeni, edinga ukuvulwa njalo kwekhabhinethi ukuze kususwe uthuli nokugcinwa, ibhulokhi yebhuthi epholile yonke i-liquid idinga kuphela ukuguquguquka ngemuva kokuthi uthuli selunqwabelene ku-heatsink yangaphandle, okwenza ukugcinwa kube nzima. . ntofontofo.
Ngakho-ke, izindleko eziphelele zobunikazi besistimu yokushaja epholile epholile uketshezi iphansi kunaleyo yesistimu yokushaja evamile esebenzisa amamojula wokushaja apholile emoyeni, futhi ngokwamukelwa kabanzi kwamasistimu aphelele apholile, izinzuzo zayo zokonga imali zizoba. kucace kakhudlwana.
Amaphutha kubuchwepheshe bokushaja okuphezulu kokupholisa uketshezi.
1. Ibhalansi eshisayo yokushisa
Ukupholisa uketshezi kusasekelwe kumgomo wokushintshisana kokushisa ngenxa yokuhluka kwezinga lokushisa. Ngakho-ke, inkinga yokuhluka kwezinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwemojuli yebhethri ayinakugwenywa. Ukwehluka kwezinga lokushisa kungase kubangele ukushajwa ngokweqile, ukushajwa ngokweqile, noma ukushajwa okuncane. Ukukhishwa kwezingxenye zemojuli ngayinye ngesikhathi sokushaja nokukhipha. Ukushajwa ngokweqile nokushajwa kakhulu kwamabhethri kungabangela izinkinga zokuphepha kwebhethri futhi kufinyeze ukuphila kwebhethri. Ukushajwa okungaphansi kanye nokukhipha amandla kunciphisa ukuminyana kwamandla ebhethri futhi kufinyeze uhla lwayo lokusebenza.
2. Amandla okudlulisa ukushisa anomkhawulo.
Izinga lokushaja kwebhethri likhawulelwe izinga lokukhipha ukushisa, ngaphandle kwalokho, kunengozi yokushisa ngokweqile. Amandla okudlulisa ukushisa okupholisa uketshezi lwamapuleti abandayo akhawulwa umehluko wezinga lokushisa nezinga lokugeleza, futhi umehluko wezinga lokushisa olawulwayo uhlobene eduze nezinga lokushisa elizungezile.
3. Kukhona ingozi enkulu yokubaleka kwezinga lokushisa.
Ukushisa kwebhethri kwenzeka lapho ibhethri ikhiqiza ukushisa okukhulu ngesikhathi esifushane. Ngenxa yezinga elilinganiselwe lokukhipha ukushisa okunengqondo ngenxa yokuhluka kwezinga lokushisa, ukunqwabelana kokushisa okukhulu kubangela ukukhula kungazelelwe. izinga lokushisa, okuholela kumjikelezo omuhle phakathi kokushisisa kwebhethri nokukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa, okubangela ukuqhuma nemililo, kanye nokuholela ekubalekeni okushisayo kumaseli angomakhelwane.
4. Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla amakhulu e-parasitic.
Ukumelana nomjikelezo wokupholisa uketshezi kuphezulu, ikakhulukazi uma kubhekwa ukulinganiselwa kwevolumu yemojuli yebhethri. Ishaneli yokugeleza kwamapuleti abandayo ngokuvamile iba mncane. Lapho ukudluliswa kokushisa kukhulu, izinga lokugeleza lizoba likhulu, futhi ukulahlekelwa kwengcindezi emjikelezweni kuzoba kukhulu. , futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kuzoba kukhulu, okuzonciphisa ukusebenza kwebhethri uma ishajwa kakhulu.
Isimo semakethe kanye nezitayela zokuthuthuka zokugcwaliswa kabusha kokupholisa uketshezi.
Isimo semakethe
Ngokwemininingwane yakamuva evela ku-China Charging Alliance, bekuneziteshi zokushaja zomphakathi ezingaphezu kuka-31,000 ngoFebhuwari 2023 kunangoJanuwari 2023, okukhuphuke ngo-54.1% kusukela ngoFebhuwari. Kusukela ngoFebhuwari 2023, amayunithi angamalungu omfelandawonye abike isamba seziteshi zokushaja zomphakathi eziyizigidi eziyi-1.869, okuhlanganisa neziteshi zokushaja ze-DC ezingu-796,000 kanye neziteshi zokushaja ze-AC eziyizigidi ezingu-1.072.
Njengoba izinga lokungena kwezimoto ezintsha ezinamandla liqhubeka nokukhuphuka kanye nezinsiza zokusekela ezifana nezinqwaba zokulayisha zikhula ngokushesha, ubuchwepheshe obusha bokushaja obumanzi obupholile buphenduke isihloko sokuncintisana embonini. Izinkampani eziningi zezimoto zamandla amasha nezinkampani ezinqwabelanisayo seziqalile ukwenza ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kwezobuchwepheshe futhi zihlela ukukhuphula amanani entengo.
I-Tesla iyinkampani yokuqala yezimoto embonini eqale ukwamukela ngobuningi bamayunithi apholise uketshezi olunamandla. Njengamanje isatshalaliswe iziteshi zokushaja ezinkulu ezingaphezu kuka-1,500 e-China, ezinamayunithi ayi-10,000 ashajayo. I-supercharger ye-Tesla V3 inomklamo opholile ngokuphelele uketshezi, imojuli yokushaja epholile uketshezi, kanye nesibhamu sokushaja esipholile. Isibhamu esisodwa singashaja afinyelele ku-250 kW/600 A, sikhulise ibanga ngamakhilomitha angu-250 ngemizuzu engu-15. Imodeli ye-V4 izokhiqizwa ngamaqoqo. Ukufakwa kokushaja nakho kwenyusa amandla okushaja abe ngu-350 kW isibhamu ngasinye.
Kamuva, i-Porsche Taycan yethula ukwakhiwa kukagesi we-high-voltage yokuqala engu-800 V futhi isekela ukushaja okusheshayo okungu-350 kW; Uhlelo olulinganiselwe lomhlaba wonke i-Great Wall Salon Mecha Dragon 2022 ine-current efinyelela ku-600 A, i-voltage efinyelela ku-800 V kanye namandla okushaja aphezulu angu-480 kW; I-voltage ephezulu ifinyelela ku-1000 V, yamanje ifika ku-600 A namandla okushaja aphezulu 480 kW; I-Xiaopeng G9 iyimoto yokukhiqiza enebhethri ye-silicon engu-800V; iplathifomu ye-carbide voltage futhi ilungele ukushaja okushesha kakhulu okungu-480 kW.
Njengamanje, izinkampani ezinkulu ezikhiqiza amashaja ezingena emakethe yasekhaya ye-supercharger epholile uketshezi ikakhulukazi zifaka i-Inkerui, i-Infineon Technology, i-ABB, i-Ruisu Intelligent Technology, Umthombo wamandla, ukushaja kwenkanyezi, iTe Laidian, njll.
Ithrendi Yekusasa Yokushaja Kabusha Ukupholisa Uketshezi
Inkambu yokupholisa uketshezi olushaja kakhulu isemancane futhi inamandla amakhulu kanye namathemba okuthuthuka abanzi. Ukupholisa uketshezi kuyisixazululo esihle sokushaja kwamandla aphezulu. Azikho izinkinga zobuchwepheshe ekwakhiweni nasekukhiqizeni amandla ebhethri ashaja amandla aphezulu ekhaya naphesheya. Kuyadingeka ukuxazulula inkinga yokuxhuma ikhebula kusukela ekunikezeni amandla ebhethri yokushaja yamandla aphezulu kuya kusibhamu sokushaja.
Kodwa-ke, izinga lokwamukelwa kwezinqwaba ezinamandla kakhulu ezipholiswe uketshezi olupholile ezweni lami lisephansi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izibhamu ezishajayo ezipholiswe uketshezi zinezindleko eziphakeme uma kuqhathaniswa, futhi izinhlelo zokushaja ngokushesha zizovula imakethe ebiza amakhulu ezigidigidi zamadola ngo-2025. Ngokolwazi olutholakala esidlangalaleni, intengo emaphakathi yokushaja icishe ibe ngu-0.4 RMB/ W.
Intengo yamayunithi ashaja ngokushesha angu-240kW ilinganiselwa cishe ku-96,000 yuan, ngokwezintengo zezintambo zokushaja ezipholisa uketshezi e-Rifeng Co., Ltd. Esithangamini sabezindaba, esibiza amayuan angu-20,000 isethi ngayinye, kucatshangwa ukuthi ishaja uketshezi-upholile. Izindleko zesibhamu zilinganiselwa ku-21% wezindleko zenqwaba yokushaja, okwenza kube ingxenye ebiza kakhulu ngemva kwemojula yokushaja. Njengoba inani lamamodeli amasha ashaja amandla asheshayo likhula, indawo yemakethe yamabhethri ashaja ngokushesha anamandla ezweni lami kulindeleke ukuthi ibe cishe amabhiliyoni ayi-133.4 ama-yuan ngo-2025.
Ngokuzayo, ubuchwepheshe bokushajwa kabusha kokupholisa uketshezi buzoqhubekisela phambili ukusheshisa ukungena. Ukuthuthukiswa nokuqaliswa kobuchwepheshe bokushaja obunamandla obupholile obumanzi kusesenendlela ende okufanele yenziwe. Lokhu kudinga ukusebenzisana phakathi kwezinkampani zezimoto, izinkampani zamabhethri, izinkampani ezinqwabelanisayo, nezinye izinhlangano.
Kungale ndlela kuphela lapho singakwazi ukusekela kangcono ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yezimoto zikagesi yaseShayina, siphinde sikhuthaze ukushajwa okuhlelekile kanye ne-V2G, futhi sikhuthaze ukonga amandla kanye nokunciphisa ukukhishwa, indlela yekhabhoni ephansi. kanye nokuthuthukiswa kohlaza, futhi kusheshiswe ukuqaliswa komgomo wesu “wekhabhoni ephindwe kabili”.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-06-2024